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Penguino Hardware Setup Guide
Contents
Configuring Power Source
The power pins on the Penguino AVR are labelled as follows:
Pin Label |
Functionality |
VR |
3.3v linear voltage regulator input, 9v DC Max |
VUSB |
USB output voltage from the connected computer (5v DC) |
VCC |
Penguino supply voltage, 5v DC Max (3.3v DC Min) |
+3.3 |
3.3v linear voltage regulator output, delivers 3.3v DC |
GND |
Common Ground |
AREF |
Analog to Digital Converter reference voltage |
AVCC |
Analog to Digital Converter and Port A supply voltage (typically connected to VCC, via a low pass filter is recommended if using the ADC channels) |
RST |
Reset pin (held low / grounded to reset the microcontroller) |
Wiring Examples
There are four possible configurations for selecting a power source on the Penguino AVR, as shown in the examples below.
Powering from 5v USB
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- Connect VUSB (USB 5v output) to VCC
- Connect VCC to AVCC
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Powering from USB regulated to 3.3V
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- Connect VUSB (USB 5v output) to VR (Voltage Regulator input)
- Connect +3.3 (Voltage Regulator 3.3V output) to VCC
- Connect VCC to AVCC
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External power
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Warning
Maximum Penguino VCC input voltage is 5 volts
- Connect positive terminal of the voltage supply to any VCC pin
- Connect negative terminal of the voltage supply to any GND pin
- Connect VCC to AVCC
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External power regulated to 3.3V
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Warning
Maximum Penguino VR input voltage is 9 volts
- Connect positive terminal of the voltage supply to VR (Voltage Regulator input)
- Connect negative terminal of the voltage supply to GND
- Connect +3.3 (Voltage Regulator 3.3V output) to VCC
- Connect VCC to AVCC
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Additional Power Pins
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The VCC (+) and GND (-) pins on either side are internally connected to the main VCC and GND (see above). Use these pins if you need extra places to power additional circuitry from the same power source as the Penguino.
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Pin-out
Each port has 8 pins. If available externally, each pin is labelled with the port letter followed by the pin number.
Port A
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Each pin on Port A can be used as:
- a general purpose digital I/O pin (sense if the pin is on/off or drive the pin on/off)
- a 10-bit analog to digital converter (sense the voltage at the pin, with reference to the AREF pin, as a number between 0 and 1023).
See also:
This port will be powered by the AVCC pin. If AVCC is left unconnected, Port A will not function correctly.
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Port B
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Port B can be used as
- a general purpose digital I/O port
Each pin also has an alternate function, as shown in the following table:
Pin |
Functionality |
7 |
SPI bus serial clock (SCK) |
6 |
SPI bus Master Input/Slave Output (MOSI) |
5 |
SPI bus Master Output/Slave Input (MISO) |
4 |
SPI bus Slave Select Input (SS, inverted) |
3 |
Analog Comparator - Negative Input (AIN1), Timer/Counter 0 Output Compare Match Output (OC0) |
2 |
Analog Comparator - Positive Input (AIN0), External Interrupt 2 Input (INT2) |
1 |
Timer/Counter1 External Counter Input (T1) |
0 |
Timer/Counter0 External Counter Input (T0) |
See also:
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Port C
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Pins 2 to 7 (inclusive) on Port C are not externally accessible on the Penguino AVR. They have the following functionality:
Pin |
Functionality |
6 - 7 |
Status LED (tri-colour red/orange/green) on-board |
2 - 5 |
JTAG - connected internally to JTAG over USB (programming and debugging interface) |
Pins 0 and 1 on Port C can be used as:
- general purpose digital I/O
- a TWI bus:
Pin |
Functionality |
1 |
Two-wire Serial Bus Data Input/Output Line (SDA) |
0 |
Two-wire Serial Bus Clock Line (SCL) |
See also:
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Port D
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Pins 0 and 1 on Port D are not accessible externally. They function as a UART serial connection are wired internally to the USB hardware.
The remaining pins on Port D (2 - 7) are available as:
- general purpose I/O
They also have the following alternate functionality:
Pin |
Functionality |
7 |
Timer/Counter2 Output Compare Match Output (OC2) |
6 |
Timer/Counter1 Input Capture Pin (ICP1) |
5 |
Timer/Counter1 Output Compare A Match Output (OC1A) |
4 |
Timer/Counter1 Output Compare B Match Output (OC1B) |
3 |
External Interrupt 1 Input (INT1) |
2 |
External Interrupt 0 Input (INT0) |
See also:
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